The National Livestock Identification System (NLIS) is Australia’s scheme for the identification and tracing of livestock. This National Livestock Identification System (NLIS) enhances Australia's ability to respond quickly to a major food safety or disease incident in order that access to key export markets is maintained. It is a key industry initiative in partnership with governments across Australia.

NLIS Cattle was introduced in NSW on 1 July 2004 and involves electronic identification of cattle and centralised recording of movements on a national database. NLIS Cattle uses approved NLIS ear devices or rumen boluses and reporting all movements of cattle between properties with different Property Identification Codes (PICs).

NLIS Sheep & Goats is Australia's system for identifying and tracing sheep, lambs and farmed goats and was introduced on 1 January 2006. It uses visually readable ear tags printed with a Property Identification Code (PIC). It is complemented by movement documents supplied by consignors that are used for identification and tracking.