Australian grayling are also known as the cucumber mullet, cucumber herring or Yarra herring. They are found in streams and rivers on the eastern and southern flanks of the Great Dividing Range from Sydney southwards to the Otway Ranges in Victoria, and Tasmania. They do not occur in the inland Murray-Darling Basin system.

Australian grayling need to migrate to and from the sea to complete their life cycle, and the construction of barriers such as dams and weirs has had a major impact on their populations in some river systems. Once a popular angling species, Australian grayling are now of conservation concern and listed as a protected fish in NSW under the Fisheries Management Act 1994. Heavy penalties apply for taking or possessing them. Australian grayling are listed as a vulnerable species on the schedules of the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

The contents of this Primefact include:

• Description
• Habitat and ecology
• Why are Australian grayling protected?
• What conservation actions are underway?
• Legal implications
• Bibliography and further reading
• Contact information